Prostatitis is an inflammatory disease of the prostate gland.It can be infectious or non-infectious in nature.Regardless of the form of the disease, complex treatment of prostatitis is required, including drug and non-drug therapy.
Types of prostatitis and treatment
Due to development, infectious and non-infectious prostatitis are distinguished.
Infectious disease is caused by the activity of pathogens that cause inflammation of the prostate.Depending on the type of pathogen, bacterial or fungal inflammation is distinguished.The disease can be caused both by the activity of opportunistic microorganisms, which are always present in a man's body, and by sexually transmitted infections, for example, chlamydia or trichomonas.
The disease develops against a background of reduced immunity.In most cases, this type of prostatitis is caused by opportunistic microorganisms, for example, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, staphylococcus.A healthy body is able to suppress infection, but inflammation develops in the context of reduced immunity.
Non-infectious prostatitis is a consequence of a sedentary lifestyle.Its development is caused by congestion in the pelvic organs - disruption of blood circulation, lymph flow or stagnation of prostate secretions.Factors that cause the development of this form of inflammation:
- hypothermia;
- reduced immunity;
- physical inactivity;
- portliness;
- irregular sex life.
It is believed that congestive prostatitis is a disease of office workers.The disease develops against the background of physical inactivity, as a result of which the metabolism decreases and the trophism of the prostate is disturbed.
A man's sex life plays an important role in the development of congestive prostatitis.Lack of sexual activity leads to reduced tone of the prostate gland and stagnation of secretions.This causes swelling of the organ and development of inflammation.At the same time, excessive sexual activity (more than 2-3 sexual acts per day) leads to exhaustion of the organ and can also cause the development of the disease.
Depending on the nature of the course, prostatitis is divided into acute and chronic.The acute form is characterized by worsening of specific symptoms, such as:
- frequent urge to urinate.
- pain and burning in the urethra.
- bladder spasms;
- pain in the perineum;
- erectile dysfunction.
The process of urination is accompanied by severe pain in the urethra, which is caused by compression of the urethra by the enlarged prostate.
Acute prostatitis can be treated quite successfully with timely administration of adequate drug therapy.In the absence of proper treatment, it becomes chronic.This disease is accompanied by a weakening of a man's sexual function and various disorders of the urinary system.
Chronic prostatitis can be either infectious or non-infectious.In both cases, it is characterized by periodic exacerbations, during which the symptoms become acute.Exacerbations of the disease are mainly associated with reduced immunity.
An integrated approach to treatment
Before starting treatment, the patient must undergo all tests to identify the type of inflammatory process and the type of pathogen.To do this, an analysis of the prostate secretion is carried out, an ultrasound and magnetic resonance imaging of the organ is carried out.
Comprehensive treatment of prostatitis includes:
- drug therapy;
- increase immunity;
- physical therapy methods?
- Diet therapy;
- lifestyle change.
Drug treatment depends on the form of the disease.For infectious inflammation, the main line of treatment is antibacterial drugs.Their selection is based on the results of the prostate analysis.
For non-infectious prostatitis in the acute stage, anti-inflammatory drugs are used for symptomatic treatment.The main part of the treatment is carried out with drugs that normalize the functionality of the organ.
The complex treatment of prostatitis necessarily includes taking drugs to improve immunity.These can be either topical agents (rectal suppositories) or immunomodulators in tablets.The choice of drugs is made only by a doctor.
For bacterial prostatitis, the mainstay of treatment is to fight infection.for stagnant prostatitis, it is to improve the functionality of the gland.
Antibacterial treatment
Comprehensive treatment of prostatitis begins with medications to relieve symptoms, which normalize prostate function and improve well-being.For infectious prostatitis, the mainstay of treatment is antibiotics.
The following groups of drugs are used for treatment:
- penicillins;
- tetracyclines?
- macrolides?
- fluoroquinolones.
Penicillins and tetracyclines are used quite rarely in urological practice due to the low effectiveness of treatment and the large number of side effects.Pathogenic microorganisms that cause the inflammatory process quickly develop resistance to the action of drugs of this group, which negatively affects the therapeutic effect of drugs.
Nevertheless, a fairly good result is achieved by taking combined drugs.
In most cases, macrolide drugs are prescribed.Their advantages lie in the wide spectrum of action, good tolerance by organisms and high bioavailability, due to which the components of the drug penetrate the prostate tissue.
Recently, doctors increasingly prefer drugs from the fluoroquinolone group.These are broad-spectrum antimicrobial drugs that have a number of advantages over conventional antibiotics.
Since fluoroquinolones, unlike antibiotics, are completely synthetic drugs that have no natural analogues, treatment with these drugs is more effective due to the lack of development of resistance in pathogens.
Fluoroquinolones quickly penetrate the prostate tissue, are well tolerated by the body and rarely cause side effects.Most often, doctors prescribe drugs that contain levofloxacin.Treatment lasts at least 28 days, the drug is taken 1-2 tablets.The exact dosage and dosage regimen are selected by the doctor individually.In some cases, intramuscular administration of the drug may be prescribed, in which case the course of treatment is reduced.
Anti-inflammatory drugs
For the complex treatment of chronic prostatitis of a non-infectious nature, anti-inflammatory drugs are used.
Such drugs have a symptomatic effect, eliminating pain and stopping the inflammatory process.It is recommended to prescribe anti-inflammatory drugs in suppositories - thanks to this form of release, the active substance enters the tissue of the prostate gland directly.
For infectious inflammation, anti-inflammatory drugs are prescribed in short doses to relieve symptoms, but for non-infectious prostatitis they are the main line of treatment, as antibiotics are not used for this form of the disease.
For the treatment of congestive prostatitis, bioactive drugs are often used to normalize the functionality of the prostate.
As a rule, these are preparations based on extracts from the prostate gland of young bulls.The drug improves prostate trophism, relieves inflammation and reduces swelling.For non-infectious prostatitis, it is used long-term to treat inflammation.For bacterial inflammation of the prostate, this drug is indicated to restore the function of the organ after antibiotic treatment.
For congestive prostatitis, suppositories with propolis and bee products, ichthyol or pumpkin oil are often prescribed.Such drugs aim to normalize prostate trophism, have an anti-inflammatory effect and increase local immunity.
Medicines to strengthen immunity
During the complex treatment of prostatitis, the prostate gland is exposed to various drugs.To prevent the re-development of the disease after a course of treatment, a set of measures to increase immunity is indicated.
For this purpose, the following are foreseen:
- Preparations with zinc;
- tablets with echinacea extract.
- vitamin complex;
- vitamin E
For the normal functioning of the prostate, zinc, selenium and vitamin E are essential.Urologists often prescribe bioactive food supplements with a high content of these substances.
Taking a range of vitamins specifically designed for men is also recommended.Such drugs contain a complex of substances aimed at normalizing the functioning of the genitourinary system.
To reduce the risk of exacerbations and recovery after antibacterial treatment, injections of echinacea extract are prescribed, but this drug is no less effective in tablet form.
For chronic prostatitis, a vitamin complex should be taken twice a year to reduce the risk of flare-ups.
Physiotherapy and massage
For chronic prostatitis, physiotherapy is prescribed to eliminate congestion.Acupuncture, current and magnetic methods of influence, darsonvalization are usually used.For bacterial inflammation, such methods are not used, as they can cause the spread of pathogens throughout the body through the bloodstream.
If prostate trophism is impaired, rectal massage is indicated.Such procedures are carried out by a specialist - urologist or proctologist.The massage course ranges from 10 to 15 procedures.
Physiotherapy stimulates blood circulation in the pelvic organs, eliminates lymph stagnation and normalizes the outflow of prostate secretions.A course of procedures allows you to restore the normal functioning of the instrument and has a positive effect on power.
Surgical treatment
Surgical treatment of prostatitis is carried out only in case of complications.
With infectious prostatitis, the formation of a prostate abscess is possible.This requires immediate hospitalization of the patient and manipulation, during which the abscess is opened and its contents are removed.
With chronic prostatitis, narrowing of the urethra is possible, which leads to acute urinary retention.In this case, surgery is performed and a catheter is placed to remove the urine.In addition, in severe cases of the disease, fibrosis can develop, resulting in scarring of the prostate tissue.In this case, an operation is performed in which the areas of compression are removed using a laser.
Lifestyle and diet
Comprehensive treatment of prostatitis includes changing lifestyle, normalizing diet and giving up bad habits.The diet for prostate inflammation is not strict, but excludes any fast food, semi-processed products and smoked foods.Alcohol and smoking should be avoided.
You should include in your diet foods that are good for men's health:
- avocado?
- pumpkin seed and olives.
- nuts and honey;
- citrus;
- pumpkin seeds;
- fermented milk products.
If you have congestive prostatitis, you should exercise regularly.Physical activity should be aimed at normalizing blood circulation in the lower body.
The patient's sex life plays an important role.If you have prostatitis, you need regular sex, at least 3 times a week.At the same time, excessive sexual activity is unacceptable, as it damages the prostate.
Otherwise, adequate drug therapy, proper nutrition and giving up bad habits will help you get rid of prostatitis.However, after inflammation, it is recommended that a man visit a urologist annually and undergo a comprehensive examination of the prostate gland.